Activities of early man in the districts of Kalahandi are observed in the form of stone tools used by him for hunting and food gathering. These are found scattered in the river terraces, rock shelters and natural caves in different parts of the district. The rock shelters in the Gudahandi hills and the mountainous Maraguda valley on the Jonk river have yielded Palaeolithic tools of the Madras hand-axe complex.
At Chhilpa on the Tel chopper biface flake industry hand been discovered indicating and early phase of lithic culture in the district.The flake industry consists of scrapers, points, nodules, cores and miniature hand-axe.The vallies of the Tel and her tributaries are mainly short blade although geometric objects like triangles and trapezes are sometimes met with.The possible stone celts of the Neolithic culture are also found in short blade site and at Chhilpa the polished stone artifacts include interesting tools like burins and borers. Half a dozen of shouldered shelts of the late Neolithic period discovered in the Maraguda valley are preserved in the museum of Sambalpur University.
Source: The First gazetteer (15 August 1980)
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